Estudio descriptivo de la calidad de vida laboral en profesionales de la contaduría en la ciudad de Toluca en 2015

Las rápidas transformaciones de la economía mundial han traído cambios, desarrollo ybienestar humano para la sociedad, y al mismo tiempo situaciones desfavorables paralas personas en su calidad de vida laboral y personal. Enfermedades orgánicas ypsicológicas, que repercuten en la productividad de las personas y las organizaciones.El trabajo es parte fundamental de nuestra vida y la falta de armonía entre nuestra vidalaboral y la vida personal, representa un gran problema de resolver, debido a que laspersonas pasan la mayor parte de su tiempo en un centro trabajo por lo cual no se tieneel tiempo suficiente para realizar otras tareas.La actividad laboral del hombre es un proceso social. Está dirigida al cumplimiento deuna función y se regula por su conciencia. Estos son rasgos esenciales, distintivos ypredominantes; sin embargo, la actividad del hombre se dirige también a satisfacer lasnecesidades orgánicas y puramente individuales de manera socialmente condicionada(Guerrero, 2006).Victor Franckl (1991) dice que ―el sentido del trabajo es una oportunidad para autorealizarsey para ser feliz y que el campo de su realización concreta, coincide, engeneral, con el del trabajo profesional‖. El trabajo puede representar en particular, elespacio en que el individuo se enlaza con la comunidad, colaborando con ello en susentido y su valor, también dice que ninguna profesión es la que le da al hombre laposibilidad de realizarse ni de ser feliz. Cuando la profesión concreta que se ejerce noproduce en el hombre un sentimiento de satisfacción, no debe culparse de ello a laprofesión, sino al hombre mismo porque ―No es la profesión de por sí la que hace aquién la ejerce irremplazable e insustituible; le da, simplemente la posibilidad de ello.El presente trabajo consta de cinco capítulos. El primer capítulo aborda el marco teóricode la profesión contable, que incluye de la contaduría como profesión, los antecedentesde la contaduría en México, la oferta educativa, así como el perfil actual del contador.El segundo capítulo, contiene la literatura de la calidad de vida laboral, el cual iniciacon los antecedentes y definiciones, las dimensiones de la calidad de vida laboral, susbeneficios y principales modelos 14El capítulo tres se refiere al marco contextual de la investigación que trata sobre loscampos de actuación y las áreas del conocimiento en apoyo a la contaduría, la forma enque se organizan los contadores y al final las organizaciones donde se aplicaron loscuestionarios, 1) La UAEMEX, 2) El Colegio de Contadores Públicos del Valle deToluca y 3) Secretaría de Finanzas del Gobierno del Estado de México.En el capítulo cuatro se detalla el método de trabajo que incluye el planteamiento delproblema, la hipótesis es decir, el diseño de la investigación, que se define comotransversal, no experimental y descriptivo; el contenido del instrumento aplicado, ladescripción de la población y muestra, y el procesamiento estadístico de los datos.En el quinto y último capítulo se presenta el diagnóstico y análisis estadístico el cualconcentra la descripción e interpretación de los resultados; contiene la caracterización de lamuestra, los estadísticos descriptivos, el diagnóstico por pregunta, la percepción por tipode organización y la percepción por dimensión.La calidad de vida laboral no implica solamente la satisfacción laboral, ya que ésta serelaciona exclusivamente con las expectativas personales frente a la realidad del trabajo,la calidad de vida laboral incorpora un conjunto de características que trascienden loobjetivo y lo exclusivamente ligado al entorno intra-laboral

Image Management in a Touristic Destination: A Qualitative Approach Analysis of the Border City of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico

This paper summarizes an academic experience. It has been made by the contributions of a group of experts from a Mexican university participating in a discussion panel called "Image of a Touristic Destination". This was done within the framework of the activities carried out during the 8va. Catedra Patrimonial "Sergio Molina" on October 19-21, 2016. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the process of image management of a border touristic destination through the experience of Ciudad Juárez, in order to obtain an improvement in it. The concept of image is analyzed from its components of responsibility and participation in management between Government (message), Society (context), and Universities (management). The methodological approach selected was exploratory. The grounded theory method was selected and thematic analysis with the support of the Atlas-ti software was made. Suggestions are offered for actions which seek to highlight the positive aspects of the city as a touristic destination. The importance of generating responsibility and participation within a social network was highlighted. It was recommended to take advantage of the economic and intellectual resources in education of the Juarez society so that they can know their culture and history

Numerical analysis of the influence of the last cycle scheme on plasticity induced crack closure

D. Camas, F.V. Antunes, B. Moreno, A. Gonzalez-Herrera, Numerical analysis of the influence of the last cycle scheme on plasticity induced crack closure, Book of Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference on Structural Integrity, pp. 185.Plasticity induced crack closure is considered the main mechanism related to the premature contact of the crack flanks when a crack grows under cyclic loadings. This phenomenon has been studied numerically since the early 70s, when some researchers approached to metal fatigue problems by means of the finite element analysis. The numerical analysis requires the development of a plastic wake. How this plastic wake is developed has influence on the crack closure results and a great impact on the computational cost. When running a finite element analysis, it is not possible to consider all the loading cycles involved in an experimental test. The numerical effort is not acceptable. Therefore, in this work, the crack growth scheme is analyzed. In particular, the influence of the number of loading cycles after releasing the last set of nodes on plasticity induced crack closure results is studied. A CT aluminum specimen has been modelled three-dimensionally and several simulations have been run to evaluate the influence of the loading cycles after releasing the last set of nodes. The numerical analysis is made in terms of crack closure and opening values.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Personas mayores y tecnologías digitales: desafíos de un binomio

La inclusión digital de los colectivos de mayor edad presenta un desafío en las sociedades contemporáneas. Uruguay puso en marcha el Plan Ibirapitá, enmarcado en políticas de inclusión digital, y en este contexto resulta indispensable profundizar en el conocimiento de distintos aspectos implicados en la temática. Este artículo presenta algunos enfoques y tópicos diversos a partir de la búsqueda y revisión de recientes ponencias en congresos y publicaciones en revistas científicas latinoamericanas y españolas, buscando elementos que aporten al doble desafío de favorecer procesos de apropiación tanto en la dimensión instrumental como en la de construcción de significados sobre las TIC por parte de las personas mayores. En relación al doble desafío antes mencionado, se destacan algunas temáticas: los usos de las TIC y las diferencias generacionales, las TIC como oportunidad a nivel personal, familiar y social; los beneficios que puede aportar en relación a la comunicación, la información, la productividad, el ocio, el aprendizaje, la autonomía; las barreras y los facilitadores que inciden en el uso o no uso, desde variables sociodemográficas, motivacionales, experiencia de vida, hasta dificultades relacionadas con la edad (cognitivas, sensoriales, motrices); el Modelo de Aceptación Tecnológica (TAM) como marco para diferentes estudios y la apropiación de las TIC para el empoderamiento, entre otros

Addressing sustainable rural development with shared value: a Peruvian model from the cacao industry

Here we present a model aimed at contributing to the literature around sustainable supply chains by examining a novel redesign initiative of the chocolate supply chain within the Peruvian cacao (cocoa) industry. Using the Creating Shared Value (CSV) framework, we apply the case study method in examining the Peruvian Cacao Alliance?s experience in redesigning both the stages and relationships within its supply of cacao to the world. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources and analyzed after coding from categories defined in the literature on CSV. The case demonstrates the opportunity to successfully participate in the supply chains of globally recognized, consumer-facing chocolate brands while simultaneously obtaining social, economic and environmental benefits for the rural communities that supply cacao. While addressing both social and business gains remains fairly important for supply chain members, there are several implementation challenges that need to be considered to achieve the goals of CSV strategies in a sustained way. By analyzing the experience of this particular cacao value chain, we are able to offer practical insight on how to more effectively implement the creating shared value approach, thereby illuminating that it is possible for value generated through such supply chains to be more equitably shared. As such, we provide a valuable initial step in better understanding how the CSV concept applies in practice by identifying its boundary conditions for achieving improved cacao supply chain practices and relationships

Influencia del tamaño mínimo de elemento en el análisis tridimensional por elementos finitos del cierre de grieta inducido por plasticidad

Because of the increase of the computational power, during last years the use of three-dimensional finite element models to analyse the plasticity induced crack closure phenomenon has spread. However, the methodology employed is directly inherit from bi-dimensional analysis. As is well known, several numerical parameters can affect to the obtained results, being one of them, the mesh size close to the crack front. In the present work, a CT aluminium alloy specimen has been three-dimensionally modelled in order to analyse the influence of the mesh size close to the crack front. The results have been analysed in terms of the crack opening and closure values as well as taking into account the strain and stress fields around the crack front.Debido al incremento de la capacidad computacional disponible hoy en día, en los últimos años se ha extendido el uso de modelos tridimensionales para el análisis del cierre de grieta en fatiga empleando el método de los elementos finitos. Sin embargo, la metodología que se emplea es directamente heredada de los modelos bidimensionales. Es bien conocido que diferentes parámetros numéricos pueden afectar a los resultados obtenidos, siendo uno de ellos el tamaño de la malla en el entorno del frente de la grieta. En el presente trabajo, se ha modelado tridimensionalmente una probeta CT de una aleación de aluminio, con objeto de evaluar la influencia del tamaño de la malla en el entorno del frente de la grieta, analizando los resultados en función de los valores de apertura y cierre de la grieta, así como considerando los campos de tensiones y deformaciones entrono al frente de la grieta.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Critical plane based method for multiaxial fatigue analysis of 316 stainless steel

In this work, the fatigue behaviour of 316 stainless steel is studied with different critical plane models. Seven cylindrical samples were used for the study, being subjected to different complex loading paths, generating combined stresses along the axial and transversal sample directions, these being: individual axial stress, individual hoop stress, alternating axial and hoop stress, a proportional combination of axial and hoop stress, and a non-proportional combination of L-shaped and square-shaped axial and hoop stress. The fatigue analysis is performed using five critical plane models; named Fatemi-Socie, Varvani-Farahani, Gan-Wu-Zhong, Liu I and Liu II. The models were assessed based on their fatigue life and crack angle prediction capacity. The Gan-Wu-Zhong recently proposed critical plane model was examined and provided acceptable results for the multiaxial loads tested on 316 steel. Nevertheless, Fatemi-Socie produced the most accurate results in terms of cracking orientation and Liu II gave the best fatigue life predictions.Financial support of Programa Operativo FEDER from the Junta de Andalucia (Spain) through grant reference UMA18-FEDERJA-250 is greatly acknowledged. Support from the Oceanic Engineering Research Institute from Malaga is also acknowledged. Industrial support from Bettergy and Dr Nicolas Ordo ̃nez is greatly acknowledged, as well as access to different structures and materials in the energy industry. We would also like to acknowledge funding for open access charge: Universidad de Malaga / CBUA

COMUNIDAD VIRTUAL DE LA UNIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE COMUNICACIÓN CULTURA Y NUEVAS TECNOLOGÍAS

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Immigrant IBD Patients in Spain Are Younger, Have More Extraintestinal Manifestations and Use More Biologics Than Native Patients

Crohn's disease; Immigrant; Inflammatory bowel diseaseEnfermedad de Crohn; Inmigrante; Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinalMalaltia de Crohn; Immigrant; Malaltia inflamatòria de l'intestíBackground: Previous studies comparing immigrant ethnic groups and native patients with IBD have yielded clinical and phenotypic differences. To date, no study has focused on the immigrant IBD population in Spain. Methods: Prospective, observational, multicenter study comparing cohorts of IBD patients from ENEIDA-registry who were born outside Spain with a cohort of native patients. Results: We included 13,524 patients (1,864 immigrant and 11,660 native). The immigrants were younger (45 ± 12 vs. 54 ± 16 years, p < 0.001), had been diagnosed younger (31 ± 12 vs. 36 ± 15 years, p < 0.001), and had a shorter disease duration (14 ± 7 vs. 18 ± 8 years, p < 0.001) than native patients. Family history of IBD (9 vs. 14%, p < 0.001) and smoking (30 vs. 40%, p < 0.001) were more frequent among native patients. The most prevalent ethnic groups among immigrants were Caucasian (41.5%), followed by Latin American (30.8%), Arab (18.3%), and Asian (6.7%). Extraintestinal manifestations, mainly musculoskeletal affections, were more frequent in immigrants (19 vs. 11%, p < 0.001). Use of biologics, mainly anti-TNF, was greater in immigrants (36 vs. 29%, p < 0.001). The risk of having extraintestinal manifestations [OR: 2.23 (1.92-2.58, p < 0.001)] and using biologics [OR: 1.13 (1.0-1.26, p = 0.042)] was independently associated with immigrant status in the multivariate analyses. Conclusions: Compared with native-born patients, first-generation-immigrant IBD patients in Spain were younger at disease onset and showed an increased risk of having extraintestinal manifestations and using biologics. Our study suggests a featured phenotype of immigrant IBD patients in Spain, and constitutes a new landmark in the epidemiological characterization of immigrant IBD populations in Southern Europe